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Communist Party of Canada (Marxist–Leninist)
The Communist Party of Canada (Marxist–Leninist) (CPC (ML)) is a Canadian federal political party. The CPC (ML) is registered with Elections Canada as the Marxist–Leninist Party of Canada as the party is prohibited from using the Communist Party name in Canadian elections to avoid confusion among voters. The party developed separately and independently from the Communist Party of Canada (CPC) with its origins among students and intellectuals in Canada during the 1960s. After a period of alignment with Maoism and China, the CPC (ML) pursued a pro-Albanian line until the early 1990s. The party has run more candidates than any other far-left formations in Canada, such as the CPC, with the largest number in 1980 when it ran in 177 of 282 ridings or 63 percent. Founded by Hardial Bains, and lead for several years by his widow Sandra L. Smith, the current leader of the CPC (ML) is Anna DiCarlo. Today the party publishes an online news site and usually runs about 70 candidates in federal elections. It sees as its immediate goal the "vesting of sovereignty in the people so that they can exercise control over their lives"〔http://www.cpcml.ca/Leaders/HardialBains.html; CPC (ML), "Hardial Bains, party founder and leader," No date.〕 or "organizing Canadians to empower themselves."〔(Little Red Umbrella, "Fringe Party Profiles: The Marxist Leninist Party of Canada," (Interview with Anna DiCarlo), 2011 )〕The party also has a moto, which is "The Issue is Not to Wave the Red Flag But to Show Our Colours Through Our Deeds"〔http://cpcml.ca/PartyMonument/Memorial01.html〕
==History and ideology==
The CPC (ML) developed from a progression of student-based organizations during the 1960s and was created primarily as a result of the efforts of Indo-Canadian Marxist student activist Hardial Bains, who became the founder and national leader of the CPC (ML) until his death in 1997. Contrary to popular belief, the CPC (ML) was not created from a split from the Communist Party of Canada (CPC). The party emerged during a period of growing student and youth activism and when the CPC was still struggling to break out of isolation it faced resulting from the Cold War, and on the backdrop of a major rupture in the international communist movement between the People's Republic of China and the Soviet Union which the CPC had traditionally supported.
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